Vol. 16 No. 3 (2026): Journal Of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies

Articles

• Administrative Law Regimes in Nigeria, Iraq, and Malaysia: A Comparative Analysis through the Lens of International Human Rights Law

  Mohammed Mustafa Qader,, Usman Abbo

  1 - 24

• Effect of ISIS Control of Shingal 2014

  Saleem Salah al-din Shams al-din, Ayhan Jafar Mohammed Taher

  2011 - 2038

• Smart Contracts in Islamic Financial Systems: Enforceability and Legal Challenges in GCC Jurisdictions

  Shamsalden Aziz Salh

  2459 - 2488

  • pdf (Arabic)

• A Geographical analysis for the Classification of the industrial structure according to branches and types in the Zakho independent Administration 2024

  Ayaz Ibrahim Yousif Guli, Ibrahim Khsman Hassam

  2967 -2998

• "Artificial Intelligence in Evidence Collection and Proving International Crimes: Within the Context of International Criminal Court Proceedings"

  Girnas Sarbast Omar

  3420 - 3441

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Climate Change and Its Impact on Social Stability in African Countries

  Zainab Adel Marai, Hudhayfah Fathallah Ali

  107 - 144

  • pdf (Arabic)

• سەڵاحەددین، ابن خلدون، مكيافيلي، الصراع، القوة.

  Ahmed Abdulrahmn Ahmed, Diyar Mahir Tahir, 3- سامان عثمان عالي(برادۆستی)

  539 - 558

• Anwar Mayi His Life and Role and Articles in Al- Haqiqa- Rasti Journal

  Zeravan Sanaan Naaman, Khalil Mustafa Othman

  1033 - 1070

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Respect strategies in the novel Love and Nights as an example

  Zimar Saadullah Mohammed, Hadi Abdulqadir Qasim

  1883 - 1904

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Legal Nature of a Franchise Agreement and the Liability Therein

  Ali Zia Reza Al-Qazwini, Shabiri

  2309 - 2342

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Analysis of Hydro morphometric Characteristics and Flood Hazard Risk in the Bawa Shaswar Watershed

  Shirwan Ahmed Majeed, Aram Hassan Mohammed

  2817 - 2852

• Teaching Literature with AI: A PRISMA-Aligned Review of Pedagogically Mediated AI Approaches in EFL University Classrooms

  Hazha Salih Hassan

  3302- 3327

• The Role of the Mamluk Dynasty in Shaping the History of Islamic India (1206-1290 CE / 603-690 AH)Its Origin, Achievements, and Influence

  Fahmi Abdullah Ali

  399 - 416

• The Impact of Using PECS and PLAN Strategies on the Development of Personal Intelligence Among Seventh-Grade Basic Education Students in Kurdish Literature

  Chiman Hamza Drwish, Salwa Ahmed Amin, Farhang Muzaffar Muhammad

  877 - 908

• Discovery, Extraction, and Value of Oil in Iraq (1870-1945(

  Sarkawt Sharif Ismail 1, Ahmed Mohammed Amin Qadir 2

  1419 - 1456

• The Ayyubid Dynasty and State in Ibn al-Futi's (642-723 AH/1244-1323 CE) Book 'Majma' al-Adab fi Mu'jam al-Alqab

  Najia Mughdid Khidr, Hamza Kaka Yasin

  2171 - 2196

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Fractured Self and Survival: Psycho-Feminist Perspectives on Memory and Duality in Postmodern Women’s Poetry

  Roza Aziz Abdalla, Ibrahim Ali Murad

  2691 - 2716

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Application of the Principle of Contractual Severability to Foreign Oil Investment Contracts (A Comparative Analytical Study)

  Haval Sadeeq Ismael, Dilshad Ahmad Mhia-alddin

  3152 - 3193

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Validity of an Improper Bill of Lading

  Huda Hussein Shaker

  269- 286

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Regional and International Repercussions of the 1991 Mass Kurdish Migration Crisis in Iraqi Kurdistan

  Aihan Jaafar Mohammed Tahir

  711 - 744

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Techniques of shaping place In the novels of Abdul Karim Yahya Al-Zibari

  Hussein Omran Mohammed, Akbar Fatah Mohammed

  1281 - 1302

  • pdf (Arabic)

• )The Ruling on Oath and Its Role in Criminal Jurisprudence A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iraqi Law)

  Farooq Abbas Noor Al-Deen

  1773 - 1796

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Syntactic Agreement in the Hawrami Dialect

  Aryan Sidiq Aziz, Soma kamal qadr

  2039 - 2052

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Spatial Variation and Characteristics of Artificial Forests in Sulaymaniyah Governorate (A Study in Environmental Geography)

  Kaiwan Salih Othman, Hawdin Kamil Ali

  2545 - 2584

• The Effect of Blended Teaching Strategies on Study Achievement Among Eighth Grade Students in Social Sciences

  Hana Adnan Qadir Abdullah, Shwan Faraj Saeed, Ezaddin Juma Darwish

  2999 - 3026

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The grammatical movements of Al-Maqdisi in his two books, Al-Mufid fi Sharh Al-Qasid

  Israa Yassin Hassan, Omar Mohammed Mawloud

  145 - 160

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Khoibun Association between the Ararat Revolution and the activities of its branches in southern Kurdistan 1926-1946

  Ahmed Mohamed Nasser

  559 - 604

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Money and its political, economic, and religious significance in the Islamic Maghreb countries (2nd-7th century AH / 8th-13th century CE)

  Maqbola Mustafa Salih

  1117 - 1168

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Geographical analysis of the socio-economic determinants of juvenile delinquency in the city of Kirkuk

  Soungul Saud Mohammed

  1607 - 1638

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The structure of the art of storytelling in Jamil Saeb's story (Le Khawma)

  Hemn Ali Najmaldeen, Sarwat Naamat Allah Salih

  1905 - 1928

• The Kurdish Emirate of Za'faranlu in the Khorasan Region during the Era of Mir Raza Quli Khan (1234-1248 AH / 1819-1832 CE)

  Arkan Ahmed Hassan, Aras Abdulrahman Mustafa

  2343 - 2380

• Testing Contextual Awareness in AI-Assisted Translation of EFL Learners: Insights from Translation Students at Nawroz University

  Shireen Jamal Mohammed, Maryam Waleed Khalid

  2853 - 2872

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Local Thames in Mahmut Kasapoğlu’s Turkmen Anthem

  Sheyda Aziz Abdulkhaliq, Hazm Burhan Mustafa

  3328 - 3349

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Diasporic Knights: Appropriating the Arthurian Knight in the Poetry of Jay Bernard and Edward Kamau Brathwaite

  Shahd Fwrat Rostam Al-Jaf, Arwa Hussein Mohammed Aldoory

  25 - 38

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The word ( wrote) in the Qur’anic text between lexical and contextual meaning

  Jwan hamad mohammed

  417- 442

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Legal Responsibility for Abortion Resulting from Rape of a Relative and its Implications for the Victim's Rights: A Comparative Study in Islamic Jurisprudence and Iraqi Legislation

  Amal Sany Mohammed Amin

  907 - 938

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Establishing the Constituent Units of a Federal State and the Accession of New Units: A Comparative Constitutional Study with Reference to the Iraqi Constitution

  Ringber Jamil Sheikho, Biwar Abdulrahim Nerwai

  1457 - 1492

• Characteristics of the Unemployed in Erbil Governorate: A Field Study on Demographic Composition and Geographial Distribution

  Sara Ismail Abduljalil, Rustam Salam Aziz

  1797 - 1836

• The Role of Spreading Crisis News on Facebook on the Psychological Well-being of Users in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq

  1. Hava Abdullah Hamad, 2. Dedin Majeed Khader, 3. Zakaria Ibrahim Haji Amin, 4. Siamand Hamaziz Rasoul

  2197 - 2210

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Mechanisms for addressing conflicts of administrative powers between the central government and the provinces not organized within a region

  NOOR ALI KADHIM

  2663 - 2690

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Stylistic Shift in the Poetry of Buland al-Haydari

  Aqeel Ghadhban Nouri, Mohammed Jassim Mohammed

  3194 -3213

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Role of the United Nations in Combating the ISIS Terrorist Organization in Iraq

  Dhifaf Kamel Kadhim

  287 - 310

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Evaluation of Teaching Skills among Social Studies Teachers in Basic Schools in Kalar District

  Bakhtiyar Habib Said

  745 - 800

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Assessment of the Capacities of Non-Governmental Kindergartens in Kalar for the Academic Year (2024-2025(

  Benar Abdulwahab Ahmed

  1303 - 1330

• Sino-US global competition: a study of the impact of smart military technology

  Aras Ahmed Abdulrahman, Dana Ali Saleh

  2053 - 2090

• The Role of Islamic Madrasas in Shaping the Kurdish Individual (1815-1946)

  Hero Kamal Karim

  2585 - 2618

• Usurpation Between Sharia and Law: An Analytical Study

  Triske Salah Othman, Qasim Ghafoor Hassan

  3027 - 3062

  • pdf (Arabic)

• International Protection of Nature Reserves

  Rasoul Habib Saleh

  161 - 190

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Kirkuk Municipal Services during the Monarchy Era (1921–1958)

  Azad Majied Mohammed Ismail

  605 - 634

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Spatial Variation of Natural Elements (Climate Factors) and Their Impact on Cultivated Area and Winter Crop Production in Kalar District

  Sarkawt Hama Khursheed Ahmed, Hiwa Amin Jalal

  1117 - 1168

• Penal Legislation Problems for Countering Artificial Intelligence Crimes

  Abdullah Abdul Rahman Faqi Abdullah

  1639 - 1662

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Civil liability of the substitute doctor in Iraqi law (A Comparative-Analytical Study)

  Gardun Qasim Abdulhaq, Tahsin Hamad Smail

  1929 - 1952

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Spatial and Temporal Variability of Theft Crime in Erbil City: An Analytical Study in Geography of crime

  Sakar Bahaddin Abdullah, 2- SAKAR SMKO JAMEEL

  2381 - 2416

• The Impact of the Binding Force of Administrative Rulings and Their Role in Achieving Justice

  Omar Hussein Ali, Bader Ahmed Whaieb, Mohammed Fowzi Ahmed

  2873 - 2906

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Common Loanwords With Different Meanings Between The Iraq Turkmens Dialect And The Turkish Language

  Noran Hamzah Khaleel

  3350 - 3361

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Construction and Recreation of Identity in Virtual Life: Digital Identity on Stage in Jennifer Haley’s The Nether

  Amal Mohammed Bahram

  39 - 50

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The concept of colonialism and its intrigues according to Mullah Muhammad Jalizadeh - an analytical study -

  Derbaz Hamad Hamadmin, Jawad Faghi Ali

  443 - 464

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Fragmented Sovereignty in Iraq: International Law’s Inadequacy in Regulating State–Militia Relations

  Parez Najmuldeem Kareem, 2. Qahraman Othman Mahmood

  939 - 984

• The effectiveness of the Venn strategy in developing academic buoyancy among university students

  Raz Wali Ali, Farhad Ali Mustafa, Mohammed Muhyiddin Sadiq

  1493 - 1516

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The role of Khanaqin city in the July 14, 1958 revolution and the revolution's effects on the city

  Ako Mohammed Mahmood, Suzan Karim Mustafa

  1837 - 1858

• The Role of Preventive Measures in Criminal Policy: A Comparative Study between Iraqi and Iranian Law

  Mohammad Ali Haji Dehabadi, Ahmed Jamal Kadhim Al-Mayali

  2211 - 2236

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Prophet's strategy for the conquest of the Levant

  Mutassim Jassim Sharif, First Shepherd Ismail

  فرست مرعي اسماعيل

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Ukrainian –Russian Crisis In (2022-2021) And The International Position On It

  Suhaib Mahmoud Hameed

  3214 - 3239

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Principle of Judicial Independence and its Impact on Guarantees Against the Dismissal of Administrative Judges (A Comparative Study)

  Torkan Ibrahim Ali

  311 - 330

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Function of Passive Voice in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland: A Stylistic and Narrative Analysis

  Binin Mustafa Saeed

  801 - 820

  • pdf (Arabic)

• A Post-Digital Study of Extended Loneliness, Mediated Intimacy, and Emotional Gamification in Dave Eggers’ The Circle

  Chinar Kamal Tayib

  1331 - 1348

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Human potential for agricultural crops development in Chamchamal district

  وریا محمد احمد, 2- da. jaza tawafyq talib

  2091 - 2128

• The decisive role of Islamic education in strengthening national intimacy among 12th grade students in the center of Halabja province.

  . Rikat Mirwais Hussein, 2. Aram Anwar Khurshid

  2619 - 2636

• The Role of Culture In The Development Of Tourism Sector )A Field Study in Halabja Province(

  Ibrahim Abdul Karim Hama Karim, Sarko Youns Abdul Karim And, Aram Hassn Ali

  3063 - 3096

• Criminal Policy in Addressing the Crime of Harassment

  Ahmed Sandas Fakhri, Andalus Abdulrahman Faraj, Samer Dhiab Musair

  191 - 206

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Symbol in Kurdish Political Discourse (A Pragmatic Analysis)

  Amal Jundi Fatah, Shirzad Sabri Ali

  635 - 658

• Evaluation of classroom and extra-classroom teaching activities of historical subjects from the perspective of students of the Department of History in educational colleges and their relationship to the development of historical thinking skills

  Jalal Muhamadnajm Karim, Karim Ahmad Aziz, Luqman Abdulla Muhamad

  1169 - 1216

• Criminal Liability of Artificial Intelligence for Intellectual Property Rights Violations in Iraqi and Comparative Law

  Sabriya Karim Khaland

  1663 - 1682

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Mortuary Practices and Funerary Rituals in the Kurdistan Region during the Stone Ages

  Yousif baqi abdulqadir, Ardalan Khwshnaw, Abdulla bakr othman

  1953 - 1986

• Hunting the Seljuk Sultans in Iraq (447-590AH- 1055-1194 AD)

  Nawroz Ali kakaamin

  2417 - 2428

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Lexical Head within the Phrasal Construct under X-Bar Sub-Theory: A Syntactic Analysis of the Duhok City Center Dialect

  Hazhar Kamal Yousif, Sherzad Sabri Ali

  2907 - 2934

• Civil Liability for Artificial Intelligence Damages:Towards a Renewed Theory of Compensation

  Sema Jabbar Radad

  3362 - 3394

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Administrative reform strategies and ways to develop them

  SHAYMAA LUTFI ABDULLAH DAGHAD, ALAA HABEEB ABBAS AL-SHATTAWI

  51 - 80

  • pdf (Arabic)

• the Mufti in the Perspective of Islamic Jurisprudence

  Emad Yassin Mohammed Al-Rikani

  465 - 520

  • pdf (Arabic)

• "The Role of Good Governance in Achieving Sustainable Development: A Theoretical Analysis from the Perspective of Sociology"

  Rebin kakamam omer bawzi, Dana latef shwany, Ali Mohiaddin Qadir

  985 - 1012

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The stance of Al- Istiqlal newspaper on the Assyrian massacre of 1933

  Randa Taha Habeeb, Maryam sami yahya, Dilan Ahmad Salman Ahmed

  1517 - 1546

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Organization and activities of the Communist Party between 1958-1991 in Rwandz

  Siran Saleh Ismail, Sanour Sabah Sadiq

  1859 - 1882

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Discretionary Power of the Administration in Concluding Administrative Contracts in Public Tenders

  Hazan Shafiq Hamad, Twana Jamal Abdulwahid

  2237 - 2272

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Marginalization in the Novel (Gehnom) by (Bilind Mohammed(

  Bafarin Rashid Hassan, Nafisa Ismail Haji

  2755 - 2784

• A Cognitive-Pragmatic Study of Puns in English and Kurdish Advertisements

  Jwan Ahmed Mustafa, Kavi Shakir Mohammed

  3240 - 3278

• Mechanisms for assessing value in compensation for damages arising from employment contracts

  احمد دیلمی, Ahmad Khaled Saud

  331 - 370

  • pdf (Arabic)

• identify the impact of academic stress on fourth-year students at the College of Basic Education at Garmian University.

  Sairan mohammed rashid

  821 - 856

• Combating Encroachment on the Right to a Healthy Environment in the Laws of Iraq and the Kurdistan Region Analytical Research))

  Tarya Nahman Saleem, Omed Safary Hasan

  1349 - 1392

• Mechanisms of Achieving Thematic Meaning in Daily Speech

  Jihan Ghiath mihi, Huda abdulqader Qasim

  2129 - 2150

• The impact of weather patterns on violent crime in the Garmian region, Iraqi Kurdistan

  Ardalan Abdalrahman Mohammed, Frmesk Rashid Abdulla, Kochar Mohammed Ahmed

  2619 - 2636

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Legal Principles for Issuing Administrative Regulations in Iraq

  ايمان حايف محمد

  3097 - 3119

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Constitutional Guarantees for the Protection of Personal Data in Iraq in Light of Digital Transformation

  Khalid Hammadi Hussein Al-Jubouri

  207 - 248

• The role of collective security in confronting terrorism in light of the changing international system

  Enzar Abdullah Salih Ismail

  659 - 684

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Maternal Lineage of a Child Born Through Surrogate Motherhood (A Comparative Study)

  Asaad Anwar Aref

  1217 - 1252

• THE ROLE OF AUDITORS AND THE FINANCIAL CONTROL BUREAU IN OVERSEEING JOINT-STOCK COMPANIES

  Sahar Rashid Hamid Al –Naimi, Muhammad Fawzy Khalifa

  1987 - 2010

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Mohammad Ali Foroughi and his role in Reza Shah's rise to power in Iran (1921-1942)

  Asfandiyar Saber Yaseen, • Nezar Ayoub Hassan Gulle

  2427 - 2458

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Using the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) Approach to Identify Spatial Variations of Geomorphological Hazards in Qaradagh District

  Hemin Nasraldin M. Amin, Khalil M. Brakhas, Hero Nasraldin M. Amin

  2935 - 2966

• Specifying the meaning of terms related to the body, its organs, and its conditions according to Ibn Sidah (d. 458 AH).

  Saleh Theab Saleh, Layla Abbas Omar

  3395 - 3419

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Formal provisions for compensation for the martyr and his family (comparative study)

  Baqer Hussein Abbas Al-Nawashi, Seyyed Ibrahim Hosseini, Mohammad Jalili Shah Mansouri

  81 - 106

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Belief in the Concept of Existence in FUZÛLÎ Collection of Poetry

  Ahmed Abdullah Wali

  521 - 538

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Exploring the Pragmatics-Based Activities in the Textbooks of Sunrise Used in the EFL Classes in Iraqi Kurdistan's Public Schools

  Ibrahim Mohammed Ali Murad1, Bakhcha Latif Abdulmajeed Ahmed2

  1013 - 1032

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Workplace Spirituality and its Contribution to Organizational Excellence: The Mediating Role of Diversity Management – A Case Study in Sulaimani Governorate Universities

  Bistoon Abdullah Karim, Shaheen Mohammed Faraj, Kawsar Osman Azm

  1547 - 1582

• Respect strategies in the novel Love and Nights as an example

  Zimar Saadullah Mohammed, Hadi Abdulqadir Qasim

  1883 - 1904

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Legal Framework of Direct Tax Deduction Between the Public and Private Sectors in Iraq

  Twana Yousif Mohammed, Kamal Anwar Yaba

  2273 - 2308

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Political Situation of the Kurds of the Azerbaijan Republic (1918–1930)

  Awat Mohammed Othman, Shwan Mohammed Amin Taha

  2785 - 2816

• ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND CULTURAL GENDER IDENTITY: A STUDY OF KURDISH WOMEN AND DIGITAL COLONIALITY

  daria.shareef@su.edu.krd

  3279 - 3301

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Stable currencies and the extent to which they can be legally adapted as hedging instruments in Islamic banks.

  Ramadan Mohammed Saleh

  371 - 398

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Phenomenon of Migration and Settlement in Kurdish Regions: The Sharafnama as a Case Study

  Sahand Abdul Satar Mustafa, Saman Osman Ali, Farhank Nuri Mahmoud

  857 - 876

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Protecting Intellectual Property Rights between Traditional Legal Frameworks and Digital Transformation Requirements

  Dr.hussein-whab@uokirkuk.edu.iq, Yasir Mohammed Abdullah

  1393 - 1418

  • pdf (Arabic)

• A Lexical Stylistic Analysis to Selected Extracts from Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian

  هەرەوەز لقمان طه, Lanja Abdul Razzaq Dabbagh

  2151 - 2170

  • pdf (Arabic)

• “Echoes of War: Manifestations of Trauma in Sinan Antoon’s the Corpse Washer”

  Shahad Thanit Mohammed Khudaier

  2637 - 2662

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Contract Moderation (A Comparative Study)

  JAMAL ABDALMEER HASSAN

  3120- 3151

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Biological and chemical warfare crimes in international law and Islamic law

  Hala Tariq Muhammad Al-Abidi, Nader Akhgari Benab

  249 - 268

  • pdf (Arabic)

• The Concept of Procedural Nullity in Administrative Law: A Comparative Study

  Elaf Abdul Rasoul Sabri

  685 - 710

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Kurdology between Tsarist and Soviet Russian Ideology

  Paywand Mohammed Hamad

  1253 - 1280

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Utilizing PQRST Strategy to teach Iraqi EFL Third-year Students Novels

  Sahira Ibrahim Suleiman

  1583 - 1606

  • pdf (Arabic)

• Students' Attitudes towards the Teaching Profession at the College of Education, University of Kalar

  Sherehan Ahmed Mohammed

  1719 - 1754

• The message in the poetry of Mirza Hawrami

  Narmin Mohammed Hussein, Emad Shukur Mahmoud, Rabi Ismail Khalid

  1755 - 1772

  • pdf (Arabic)