Spatial analysis of the geographical distribution patterns of poultry production projects in the Garmian Administration for the year 2023 using geographic information systems.

Abstract

Due to the increasing demand for poultry products, this sector has witnessed a remarkable spatial expansion in various areas of the Garmian administration, which requires a precise scientific study of the distribution patterns of these projects and their spatial analysis to determine their spatial efficiency and the extent of their compatibility with the surrounding environmental and human factors, thus providing a scientific basis for future spatial planning and sustainable agricultural development. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the spatial patterns of poultry production projects distribution using geographic information systems (GIS). The nearest neighbor method and impact range analysis were used to reveal the nature of spatial distribution. The research concluded that there are (162) broiler production fields, (2) table egg projects, and (5) hatcheries distributed in a different manner between the districts and sub-districts of the study area. The distribution pattern and direction of broiler projects was from the northeast to the southwest, taking an oval shape, covering an area of ​​(1574.6 km2) with a clustered distribution pattern. The number of projects falling within this distribution pattern is about (94) projects, representing (58.03%) of the total number of projects. Poultry, as for hatcheries, they are located in the eastern part of the study area, and their distribution direction is from the northeast to the southwest, adopting an oval pattern, with an area of ​​(352.8 km2) and a random, close distribution pattern. The number of hatcheries located within this pattern amounted to (2) hatcheries, representing (40%) of the total hatcheries in the study area. As for table egg projects, they adopted a random pattern. As for the scope of influence of marketing poultry products for the year 2023, it occupies an area of ​​​​about (47,219 km2), as it reaches the governorates of Sulaymaniyah, Kirkuk, Salah al-Din and Diyala. The research concluded with a set of conclusions and recommendations reached by the researchers, through which we achieve a scope for improving the reality of poultry farming in the Garmian Administration.