Representations of advice in the poetry of the poets of the third Abbasid era, Abu Tammam and Al-Buhturi, by choice

Abstract

The subject of advising is considered one of the great virtues in life. The problem lies in highlighting the virtue of advising among the ancient virtues known to humanity in general and to poets in particular. Especially after the emergence of Islam, its scope widened and interest and attention towards it increased. Poets took care of it, opened up horizons for it, and dedicated many doors to it. Islam took care of this virtue. In the third century, which is the focus of our research, many poets turned to the subject of advising due to its great benefit in people's souls. This was because of the significant openness that the third century, especially the Abbasid era, witnessed. On the other hand, the significant role played by the caliphs at that time and their generosity led poets to increase their poems about virtues, aiming to obtain gifts and rewards and to influence the minds of their audience and admirers. The researcher in this subject wanted to address an important topic that researchers have not previously addressed, which is to explore its virtues and delve into its depths. The researcher's exploration and examination of various sources, including the internet and most libraries, aimed to shed light on the subject of advising in general and to illustrate it through two great poets known for their profound poetry of advising. This is because of its influence on society's minds, addressing the prevalent bad habits of that time, mentioning noble customs, and praising them. The aim of the research is to understand the role of advising in guiding people, especially Arab societies. It also involves identifying the problems of previous related research. The researcher divided this study into different axes preceded by an introduction. Among these axes are explaining advising in terms of language and terminology, its importance, virtues, and presenting advising topics on three axes: advising in obedience, advising in moral virtues, and advising in other subjects, leading to the most prominent results. The prominent results indicate that the poets addressed many prevalent problems in society because it was a religiously extremist society inclined towards language of war and conflicts. Most poets emphasized social advice through praise poems, aiming for generosity.