The security orientation of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the second Gulf war (1990-1991)

Abstract

 The Iraqi occupation of Kuwait in August 1990 contributed to creating a political crisis that resulted in a series of repercussions in the region, which led to several changes in local, regional, and even international policy towards the Arab Gulf region, after the events of the occupation demonstrated the weakness of the Gulf security system represented by the Gulf military alliance with what was known as the forces The shield of the island, which was established as a military result to form the Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf in 1981, despite the armament and training measures and projects of military maneuvers and the large number of meetings of chiefs of staff and defense ministers of the Gulf Cooperation Council to organize the defense of the region against any possible attack, However, the circumstances of the occupation demonstrated the failure of that military establishment and demonstrated its need for Western military support and opened the door to the American military presence openly and explicitly, thus creating a new formula for the concept of Gulf security completely different from the previous concept that overwhelmed the region since 1968 and the emergence of the Nixon principle, in order to turn Iraq into danger The first that threatens the region and the need to work to reduce it.

The security transformations of Saudi Arabia emerged during the second Gulf War represented in several directions ending the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait and the destruction of the Iraqi military force and work to develop the Saudi armament system by creating a kind of regional or Arab blocs and concluding new deals for armament and diversifying its sources, thus enhancing the Saudi position in the region. Which managed to impose its presence on the modern Gulf states.