Evangelization of Atenism Religion "In The Ancient Near East"

Abstract

The Egyptian religion was distinguished, in terms of its origins and its long historical stages, by the multiplicity of gods and goddesses, as was the case with other lowly religions in ancient times. However, what distinguishes it from others is the availability of its texts, the clarity of its issues, the constancy of its principles, and the path of its development, in which pluralistic beliefs moved to different forms of monotheistic thought, but the study of its origins depends mainly on intuition and conclusion more than it depends on texts with a specific idea.The opinions of scholars and researchers differed about the idea of monotheism in the ancient Egyptian religion, such as Akhenaten. Some of them show that the Egyptian religion is monotheistic based on the interpretations of some texts and terms indicating the unity of God, such as the word (nitro), while some insist that it is monotheism. From their point of view, the Egyptian religion did not know monotheism only by the time of Akhenaten.It is worth noting that there is a belief among Egyptologists that the religion (Aten) is the invention of Akhenaten, but the evidence indicates that the Atonian thought was present since the era of the Middle Kingdom, and this is indicated by many religious texts such as the texts of the pyramids that date back to this period, as well as the texts of coffins From the middle state and religious supplications and some physical evidence dating back to different times.Akhenaten's movement was based on a number of principles, including monotheism and the abolition of the worship of all gods, for there is only one God who is the Aton, and abstraction, by rejecting the idea of embodying God in the form of an animal or the form of a human being, and exposure and appearance in front of humans, by dropping the veil and concealment between the one God and his servants, for he is visible in front of them. Universalism, as he is not only the god of Egypt, but the god of the world known at that time, and any person can worship him and converse with him wherever a ray of god fell on the earth, and Akhenaten’s movement left its clear traces in the religious field. There is no doubt that the priests of Amun were able, with the help of (Horemheb), to obliterate the doctrine of monotheism, and they were able to eliminate the spread of that doctrine after the departure of its owner.Through the title of the research, "Proselytizing the Atonian Religion in the Ancient Near East," it includes an introduction and three sections. The first: It is divided into, "The features of religious thought and its impact on the emergence of the ancient Egyptian religion, and the second section, the principles of the Atonian religion, in which we covered the call to a universal religion, abstraction, and exposure appearance, trinity and pluralism, and the call to one God and the mediator. As for the third Section, we dealt with the spread of the Etonians in the ancient Near East. Likewise, the research included a conclusion in which we reviewed our findings with an index of the margins and sources that were used in it.