King Dara I campaign ( 522 – 486 BC ) To the Scythian and Ionian tribes

Abstract

This study, tagged with (King Dara I's campaign] 522-486 BC [towards the Ascythian and Ionian tribes) aims to shed light on the events that accompanied King Dara I's campaign to control these tribes and countries and subject them to the rule of the Achaemenid state and to discuss the difference in the date of the occurrence of these campaigns, And the king’s policy to expand the area of the Achaemenid state using various methods, with the aim of expanding the influence of the Achaemenid state, increasing the volume of trade exchange, and preventing them from raiding the Achaemenid state. Dara on the country of the Scythians based on the accounts of Herodotus, which contained much information about King Dara's campaign to this country, Herodotus put his cautionary touches when he counted the actions of the king Dara among the new deeds, as no king of all the kings of the ancient Near East had preceded him, As for the Ionian revolution that occurred in 499 BC, one of its main causes was the resentment of the Ionians against the existing regime at the time (the regime of tyrants) and the support of the Achaemenids and their support for this regime. The rise of this revolution did not affect the expansionist policy of King Dara, and he was able to eliminate it after seven years , and return things better than they were, as he established a democratic system for the Ionians, and King Dara invaded the Greek cities that participated in the burning of Sardis. He enslaved Eritrea and invaded Athens, but lost the battle of Marathon (490 BC), and that the lack of luck for King Dara I in his campaign against the Scythians, which prompted the Ionian cities to declare their revolution against him, and it was a great challenge to him, which made him prepare his army again and enabled him to defeat the Ionian cities and punish the Greek tyrants who revolted against him