The applications of allegiance and election, a comparative study

Abstract

The Islamic applications emphasized the importance of the prince or the sultan presence, who obey him by allegiance, which is the most important component of the Islamic state system.The study of the allegiance subject, taking into account the prevailing ideas and applications, in the twenty-first century, calls for comparison with the election means, which replaced it in the vast majority of Islamic countries, in the field of assigning public authorities. Hence, the issue of allegiance needs to be researched, analyzed and compared, in accordance with contemporary concepts.The research problem lies in that despite the decline in the applications of allegiance in the contemporary world, especially in Islamic countries, compared to the various applications of election, it has not lost its traditional importance in the lives of individuals and societies, and the danger lies in exploiting this importance by extremist And terrorist organizations.This research was divided into two sections, the first topic dealt with the concept of allegiance and election and their conditions, while the second topic dealt with the applications of allegiance and election.Among the most important results are: The pledge of allegiance, as a consensual contract between the ruler and the ruled, which is one of the most important components of the Islamic state system, and a criterion for distinguishing between it and other political systems. The pledge of allegiance entails material, moral and moral obligations of loyalty and obedience towards Islam as a system and method, and towards Muslims in terms of social solidarity.