The Constitutional Revolution in Thailand June - December 1932

Abstract

This study deals with the subject of (the constitutional revolution in Thailand 1932), which occurred after the development of the political thought of the young civil and military elites in the country, which were influenced by the features of Western democratic change, after their study of Western regimes and their coexistence with them during their stay there, so they believed in the project of political change, and that crystallized After their return to the country, they began urging the people to advance their deteriorating political, economic and social reality. Several factors combined in the success of this project, the most important of which was the economic conditions left by the previous governments to the rule of King Pragadepok, which worsened after their interaction with the global economic crisis (1929-1933), And the accompanying strict austerity policy against the Thais by reducing salaries and cutting salaries, which motivated them more towards political change, ending the era of absolute monarchy and heading towards constitutional monarchy, especially after the military elite harmonized with the civilian (represented by students who studied abroad) in aspirations Change .Economic conditions were not the only ones that pushed the Thais towards change, but the political and social had a large share of it, so the political bodies were varied between legislative, executive and advisory without achieving the desired, and they became a burden on the country, and there was no political system that involved the elites in decision-making, but It was the preserve of princes and nobles, which excluded a large part of participation in the management of the affairs of their country, which strengthened class in society and made the gap widen between classes.Based on the foregoing, the military and students moved to lead the change project, and they began preaching their program secretly among the members of society, and after several years, their revolution matured, and they were able on June 24, 1932 to change the political system from an absolute monarchy to a constitutional monarchy, and they formed an interim government and a temporary constitution that connected The state for a transitional period that lasted for one year, until they enacted an election law in December 1932, and the map of change became clear to the people, and they could achieve what previous generations could not do in not attacking the regime.