Techniques of wishing, begging, offering and instigating A comparative study of the Semitic languages

Abstract

The grammarians of the Arabic language agree that speech falls into two styles: the declarative style and the construction style. The first indicates the news and the second indicates the creation. They divided the construction method into two parts: the creation of my request, which calls for a request that does not occur at the time of the request, for the refusal of the request for obtaining, such as (the command), (the prohibition), (the supplication), (the offer), (the incitement), (the wish), (the begging) and ( Interrogative and (call), and a non-mandatory construction, which does not require a requirement other than the time of the request, such as (verbs of proximity), (verbs of exclamation), (praise and slander), (forms of contracts), (swearing) and (how much news). In this research, we will limit ourselves to studying a number of order construction methods, which are the methods of (wishing, begging, offering and stimulating) because of the diversity of these methods in terms of semantics and tools, and their common use.These methods have been studied according to the comparative approach, which is based on identifying the common characteristics and traits among a group of sister languages ​​that belong to one language family.Since the Arabic language is one of the linguistic group known as the Semitic languages, these methods have been studied in other sister languages, which are the Hebrew language, the Syriac language and the Akkadian language, and wherever there is a subject for comparison in order to identify the similarities and differences and identify the common linguistic features, leading to the establishment of the mother language from which these languages ​​are derived. In this, enrichment and enrichment of the grammar lesson, which remained captive to the traditional (descriptive) style, which no longer brings anything new in such linguistic studies.