Defeatism according to the pre-Islamic poet between rejection and acceptance, the value of blood money as an example

Abstract

This study, titled (Defeatism among the pre-Islamic poet between rejection and acceptance / the value of blood money as an example), aims to explain the state of defeat in the pre-Islamic poet and his rejection of it through the value of blood money as it is a great value and the pre-Islamic person must adhere to it and insist on not violating it, because it was a social control for the pre-Islamic individual. At that time, in the absence of the rule of law that protects the weak and stands up to the aggressor. Blood money was a law that limited conflicts and preserved lives, but the pre-Islamic era rejected it. Because he considered it a form of cowardice and submission, and insisted on rejecting it and taking revenge, and this is what we found when we interrogated the poems of poets, and we do not deny that we found here and there examples of poets who accepted blood money and considered it something acceptable and a good practice that should be followed. But it did not come from the poets who accepted the blood money themselves. Rather, it reached us through other poets, whether those who took a position of rejection or acceptance of it. In this research, we will focus on the concept of “blood money between rejection and acceptance.” Perhaps we are not exaggerating if we say that pre-Islamic literature included all the pre-Islamic values of that era. Values represented a social control that required the pre-Islamic person to appear strong and able to obtain his rights by the force of the sword. Therefore, it was necessary for the pre-Islamic person, who hoped for prestige and status, to refuse blood money and consider it a kind of defeat. Thus, most of the pre-Islamic people refused blood money, and this is what the poets themselves declared in their poems and boasted. This does not mean that this “blood money” has completely disappeared. There are those who accepted it but did not declare it for fear of the influence of society. None of the poets were able to transcend the constants and challenge society by declaring it. Therefore, we found examples of accepting blood money in pre-Islamic poetry on the lips of other poets, and this is what we will find in the folds of this research.