Racism and alienation and their manifestations in the novel " Scapegoat " by the Israeli writer Eli Amir

Abstract

The living reality of Iraqi Jews since 1951 has made literature, with its poetry and prose, a good, peaceful and mirror to describe the Israeli reality of the mid-twentieth century, highlighting the most important articular and interim events in the life of the Iraqi Jews of Diaspora, confiscation and expulsion.The novel speaks of the reality of the Iraqi Jews who emigrated from their land in 1951, they stand the position of a struggle against the tyrannical Western Jew, and another conflict as a result of obtaining cards that allow them to live in the new homeland along with the Western Jew, and also talk about the racism and inferior view of the Jew The novel also speaks of the bewilderment of the Eastern Jew, represented by the Nuri about his alienation in his new homeland, and his incompatibility with the other party despite the persistent attempts, driven by humanity, and good treatment, which led to his failure. And he sent him to his family, broken and unsuccessful.In fact, Israeli literature after the fifties of the last century almost abolished, or more precisely, the Zionist-oriented literature that was prevalent prior to the occupation of Palestine. Therefore, other literary currents emerged influenced by global literary currents or literary currents that describe the social reality in Israel. Among these literary currents was the eastern trend, or the literature of the Jews of the East, which began to emerge from the middle of the twentieth century to the present day. This novel was the best example of the suffering of the Eastern Jew, as the novel “Scapegoat” employed the history of the Iraqi Jewish community in the forties and fifties of the last century , as an answer to contemporary history about the original identity of the Iraqi Jews in Israel, in light of the brokenness of the Jewish self and the loss of the Iraqi identity to them.