Philosophy of Religion and Politics by Baruch Spinoza

Abstract

         Espinoza's religious and political philosophy is of particular importance today because it links the acceptance of modern science with the traditional perception of normative philosophy function. By liberating the mind from heresies and the myth of old beliefs through the freedom of thought in religious subjects and the need to separate religion from state policy and renounce all political rule that claims to derive his authority from the      source of the divine and this is addressed by                 Espinosa (political theological research). Spinoza is considered one of the greatest advocates of "not mixing religion and the state" as the guarantor of freedom of thought and belief, which we describe in the second title of a letter in theology and politics in which Spinoza considers that freedom does not pose a threat to the integrity of the state. It is the freedom to interpret the religious text, since no one has the right but the exclusive right to monopolize the act of interpretation. In other words, Spinoza's work is directed mainly at every priestly authority. His defense of freedom of thought and belief in his realization is evident in a new interpretation of the Bible that does not depart from or deviate from ontology, as its features explained in the first part of the book "Al-Atiqah"; Therefore, his defense of democracy was based on the search for a system that provides a great guarantee for freedom, which is explained by his work of defending "secularism" and criticizing the theocratic regime Spinoza's criticism stems, initially, from the fact that the Bible is the word of God that aims to teach people true happiness, but the people's interpretations have moved away from the true essence of religion. Therefore, the historical criticism of the books of the book aims to show this real priesthood and not the similarity of bridging all who are seen as Science or philosophy, and not accepting what is not clear; Any sign of his health, which Spinoza declares at the beginning of the book, where he says: "I resolved seriously and without pretension, to return again, with intellectual freedom, to examine the Bible, and not to prove or accept anything from his teachings that I did not draw from it quite clearly," On the basis of this rule, I have formed a method for the interpretation of the Holy Scriptures, "a method" that does not differ from that adopted in the interpretation of nature, but rather agrees with it completely ", which considers nature as a self-standing substance that depends in its existence only on itself, and is subject only to its internal laws that can Her knowledge of reason, just as everything is inferred from the Bible, is only understood through his inner laws in complete independence from anything that does not belong to the text.