Ahmed Ibn Tulun Mosque through the Book of Sermons and Consideration by Mentioning Plans and Monuments, a Historical Study

Abstract

The study aimed to shed light on the Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun through the book "Al-Mawaez wa Al-I'tibar bi-Dhikr Al-Khitat wa Al-Athar" by Al-Maqrizi, by analyzing the historical, architectural and religious aspects surrounding its construction, in addition to its role in the social and political life of Islamic Egypt. The study also addressed the restoration and renovation processes that the mosque witnessed over the ages, with a focus on the influence of Abbasid architecture and the Samarra style on its design. The study followed the historical analytical approach, as it analyzed historical sources, especially Al-Maqrizi's description, in addition to the descriptive approach to study the architectural characteristics of the mosque, and the comparative approach to compare the descriptions of the mosque with the changes that occurred to it over time.The study concluded that the Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Tulun is one of the most important Islamic landmarks that reflect the development of Islamic architecture during the Tulunid era, as it is characterized by a unique design that relies on red bricks instead of marble columns, and is considered a model of Samarra architecture, especially in the design of its spiral minaret. The study also highlighted the political and social role of the mosque, as it was a religious, educational and cultural center, and witnessed many restoration operations during the Mamluk and Ottoman eras.The study recommended the necessity of preserving the mosque by implementing modern restoration projects using original materials, and enhancing cultural awareness of its importance by organizing events and exhibitions, in addition to including its study in educational curricula to introduce future generations to its heritage, and encouraging academic research on its role in the development of Islamic architecture