Water consumption of grape trees in Al-Qasim district and its impact on agricultural production

Abstract

The research aims to study and determine the water needs of grape trees planted in Al-Qasim district and its environs affiliated to Babil Governorate, which is considered one of the agricultural governorates of Iraq and some neighboring governorates depend on its agricultural production. ‏

The arable area in the study area for the year (2022) was about (255,967 dunums), of which the area of land cultivated with agricultural crops was about (143,228 dunums), while the area of uncultivated land was about (76,233) dunums.

           In order to rationalize water consumption and exploit it in cultivating the largest arable area in the study area, it is necessary to analyze the factors that led to the variation in water needs in the study area, and to know the amount of water deficit, the size of the surplus, and the amount of water budget, as well as the value of evaporation - transpiration through knowing the needs water according to the Pliny Criddell equation, which represents an equation with high accuracy and more suitable for Iraq's weather conditions.

The study relied on two sources for collecting information and statistical indicators, which are library sources that include books, theses, university dissertations, research, geographic and non-geographical periodicals, as well as published and unpublished data available in libraries and official departments, as well as the field study represented by observation, direct field observation, and interviews. personality.

          The research consists of the theoretical framework, which dealt with a summary in both Arabic and English, an introduction, a problem, a hypothesis, the importance of research, and a methodology, as well as three sections. The second topic studied the measurement of evaporation - latent transpiration and the water balance and the calculation of water consumption for grape trees in the study area, while the third topic dealt with an introduction study on grape trees, the geographical distribution of grape trees and the cultivated areas according to the administrative units in the district as well as the quantities of production distributed According to the administrative units, the research concluded with conclusions, recommendations, footnotes, and a list of Arab and foreign sources.