The scientific contributions of Christians and Mozarabs to medicine, mathematics, physics, and chemistry in Andalusia

Abstract

Islam entered the country of Andalusia after the Muslims conquered it in the year 92 AH / 711 AD, and it became part of the Islamic state, and the human groups “Christians and Jews” were subjected to Islamic rule, and the wise, legitimate Muslims cooperated with them as dhimmis and after being subjects they witnessed their rights that Islam had impoverished in. Frame of the "complex of liability". They allowed the Muslims, under the care of the Christians, to remain in their ancient religion with the freedom to practice their religious rituals in their churches and sell them, and when they forced anyone to convert to Islam, they also allowed them freedom to reside, move, and practice their daily activities. And to conduct their affairs according to their customs and laws, and to share with them their holidays and celebrations. The rulers in Andalusia were interested in the field of scientific movement in various sciences. In the field of medicine, mathematics, and physics, Muslim scholars and doctors also emerged among us. They were interested and tried to advance, which encouraged Christians and Arabs to be open to Islamic culture, traditions, and customs, and they had Their contribution and participation in building the Arab-Islamic civilization. The Christians and Arabists excelled in the field of medical sciences. Andalusia flourished and became famous in various sciences until the world came to it in order to gain from these sciences.