The customs, traditions, and values that were mentioned in the hadiths of the Messenger Muhammad (Peace be upon him) and mentioned by the Companions in the book Sahih Al-Bukhari, a historical study

Abstract

The research aims to shed light on the customs, traditions, and values that came in the hadiths of the Messenger Muhammad () and in which the Companions were mentioned. Among these customs is generosity and giving, and the Messenger Muhammad () giving gifts and gifts to his companions out of his love for them or to warm the hearts of those who entered Islam, and they varied. These gifts include money, animals, clothes, and food. Also among the customs are gifts, and the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) gave gifts to some of his companions, as well as some of the women of the companions giving gifts to the father of their daughters. The matter was not limited to the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) giving gifts only, but he, peace and blessings be upon him, accepted gifts and did not accept charity, and many gifts were given to him. Among other customs are the holidays. Islam legislated the holidays for Muslims and made them two festivals, which are Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. Visiting and social gatherings were legalized in both of them. The Messenger Muhammad () did not denounce the Abyssinians for playing with spears in his mosque and said to Omar ibn al-Khattab () Leave them. Among the customs and traditions is emancipation from slavery and the rise of the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) urging his family and companions to free slaves because of the great reward in that. The hadiths in which justice and equality were mentioned and the Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) urged his companions to do so, including equality between children and lack of… Differentiating between them, equality was not limited only to children, but equality included all Muslims, as well as equality between the slave and his master. The Messenger Muhammad (peace be upon him) called on his companions to achieve equality among all and that there should be no difference between a master and a slave, an Arab or a non-Arab, except through piety. The Messenger Muhammad () also urged social solidarity among Muslims, in order to face the dangers and challenges they face together, such as famine and other disasters, and they must be like one body in order to cross to safety. Another custom and tradition is hunting. The Arabs knew hunting before Islam, and Islam did not prohibit hunting and maintained it, but under conditions consistent with Islam, including that a Muslim name his prey. It is also forbidden for a Muslim to hunt if he is forbidden. Most of these customs and traditions were known to the Arabs before Islam, but they contain many impurities, and therefore the Prophet Muhammad () refined them and made them compatible with the noble Islamic law.