The legal basis for the executive, legislative, judicial and administrative institutions in the Omani legal system

Abstract

The system of government in the Sultanate of Oman is a hereditary monarchy, as the Sultan is the one who receives the rule and is hereditary. He is also, at the same time, the head of state, as well as the head of government. He also leads the three governmental authorities, the legislative, executive, and judicial. He is considered the basic system of the Sultanate, and is considered the system The basic law of the Sultanate is its supreme law, and thus it is equivalent to this constitutional system, and it is the most important aspect of the Omani legal system. The people who want to join the ranks of development and stability must change the course of their lives through laws and legislation that make this path legal at the same time. It helps them to obtain their legitimate and legal rights and thus stabilize the country politically, socially and economically. Through the experiences that people have had, they always strive for this, and at the beginning of every path there are difficulties facing the country in order to reach political, social and economic stability. Therefore, constitutions were an important stage in the life of Peoples in order to clarify the basic and philosophical structures of political systems. Hence, our research shed light on the political experience that the Sultanate of Oman went through after its tribal conflicts. The first signs of moving towards a political system were the issuance of the Basic Law of 1996 and the beginning of the modern state, as well as organizing the work of institutions. In it, although the existing system in it, in terms of governance and in accordance with the Basic Law, is a legitimate hereditary system that blends Islam and heredity, it is not without being useful in its beginning to the Omani people for the sake of continuous changes to the Basic Law to achieve the stability that the Omani people desire, and that The legal system must have a basis in order to achieve its goal, and this basis is the constitution through which state institutions must be established, and thus the ruler and the ruled are subject to this constitution and its application is actual and not formal, because there are many constitutions that are suspended because of the rulers and not because of the constitution. The same, what is important in the matter is that constitutional laws are what show the true face of institutions and their work if there is something that supports them or enables them to develop, despite the fact that the region contains constitutions, the majority of which may be formal. Therefore, we explained the importance of these constitutions in the Sultanate of Oman and the importance of this to them and the important aspects of authority. Executive, judicial and legislative.