The water-climatic budget of the Kirkuk climate station for the period (2010-2022)
Keywords:
budget, climate, water deficit, water surplusAbstract
The importance of studying the climatic water balance lies through knowledge of the water surplus and deficit in Kirkuk Governorate, because of its significant impact on the various environmental and human activities. Climate water budget. And then analyze the climatic water budget and know the values of the water deficit and surplus and its negative and positive impact on the German situation in the province, as the German surplus can be exploited in agriculture since the soil is saturated with water that nourishes the plant for the longest possible period, but in the case of German scarcity and deficit, solutions and alternatives must be developed Which would reduce the severity of the water deficit and reduce the amount of evaporation and evapotranspiration in the study area. Knowing the values of water deficit and surplus and their negative and positive impact on the water situation in the governorate, as the water surplus can be exploited in agriculture, since the soil is saturated with water that nourishes the plant for the longest possible period. In the case of water scarcity and deficit, solutions and alternatives must be developed that will reduce the severity of the water deficit and reduce the amount of evaporation and evaporation / transpiration in the study area.
The research relied on climatic data from (2010-2022 AD). And through the application of statistical methods, it became clear that the best results appeared in Najib Kharofa’s method, as it is suitable for arid and semi-arid environments. It also showed that there is a water deficit in most months of the year except for the winter months (December, January, February). The water surplus (real evaporation) in Kirkuk station is (8.6, 30.2, and 6.9) mm, respectively, and the total water deficit in Kirkuk station is (-533.4) mm. The rate of temperature that resulted in an increase in the amount of evaporation in a way that exceeds the amount of precipitation.
