Astronomical instruments and astrology charts among the Muslim Arabs(artistic archaeological study)

Abstract

Astronomy is closely related to other sciences, such as philosophy, history, the arts, and others, and it gives us enormous possibilities to reach distinct and innovative designs, as it is a renewable science, and an inexhaustible world. The . As it is known that the sky with its stars and planets has been and still is the preoccupation of man since ancient times, as . And among the Arabs, the interest in astronomy was no less than what was previously. The movement of the stars, the sun and the moon in many aspects, especially religious ones, in determining the sacred months and the beginning of the Hijri year. And the stars have a special importance in people’s lives, in the past and in modern times, as the Arabs inferred them, especially in their travels, their times, and their conditions as well. However, in the civilization of Islam, that civilization that rejected astrology and considered it contrary to its belief, astronomy separated from astrology, and it had its scientific rules on which it was based. This separation was not a coincidence, scientific knowledge, measurement and deduction, and the Islamic need for prayer times and the direction of the qiblah, so that the university mosques became not devoid of an astronomical inauguration of time through one of the astronomical music that Muslims knew and invented. Astronomy in ancient civilizations was lost, but astronomy among Muslims had a special position in Islamic civilization, especially in Islamic civilization, especially in Islamic civilization, especially in the Abbasid era and in the caliphate of Al-Ma’mun bin Harun Al-Rashid..