The Reality of Kurdish Women's Lives in the Seventies of the Twentieth Century from the Perspective of the ‘Biri Nwê’ Newspaper

Abstract

This study explores the reality of living conditions and the situation of Kurdish women in the 1970s from the perspective of the Biri Nwê newspaper, which was the publication of the Iraqi Communist Party at that time. It discusses the extent to which, and the perspective from which, this newspaper focused on women's issues, how it reflected these issues in its editions, and the level at which it worked to reveal the realities of women's lives, situations, and problems. Among the most important results of the research were the following: Since the newspaper was the mouthpiece of the Communist Party and, therefore, reflected the party's Marxist ideology, it paid attention to the issue of women and their living conditions, and analyzed, explored, and presented solutions to the realities of women's lives at the time.

 This research consists of seven main themes, the first of which is about the newspaper's general view of women, in which it tries to analyze the newspaper's main view of women's issues in general. The second topic is about the situation of Kurdish women in the newspaper's view, which discusses the newspaper's general view of the situation of women. The third section focuses on the newspaper's views and works on the situation of Kurdish women in the shadow of the rules and customs of Kurdish society. In the fourth topic, the issue of work and wages for women in this newspaper is discussed and the newspaper's work on women's work and wages in rural and urban areas is discussed. The fifth topic deals with the public services mentioned in the newspaper, and the sixth topic deals with the articles mentioned in the newspaper about the education of Kurdish women at that time. The seventh topic focuses on several other aspects in which the newspaper's efforts to present women's abilities and interviews with several women personalities are presented.