Mechanisms of the Political System and Their Impact on Individuals’ Economic Life: A Comparative Study between Iraq and Egypt

Abstract

This study examines the mechanisms of the political system and their impact on individuals’ economic life as a fundamental issue within constitutional and economic studies. The role of the political system extends beyond organizing public authorities or determining the form of government; it encompasses the direction of economic policies, regulation of investment, distribution of resources, and the promotion of social justice and legislative stability.

The study also highlights the constitutional framework governing the economy in both Iraq and Egypt by analyzing constitutional provisions that affirm the state's commitment to economic reform, diversification of resources, and the encouragement of private sector development and investment, thereby rendering economic development a binding constitutional obligation rather than a mere political choice. The study concludes that political stability and the coherence of legislative and oversight structures constitute essential prerequisites for achieving economic development, whereas instability, legislative inconsistency, or weak governance lead to declining investment, rising unemployment, and diminished institutional trust. This underscores the importance of integrating constitutional and political structures with economic and social policies to establish a secure and equitable economic environment.