The Role of Akre Intellectuals in the Gulan Revolution 1976-1991

Abstract

   The Gulan Revolution of 1976 is considered one of the most important stages of the armed and political movement, and an extension of the Kurdish liberation movement. It was launched following the setback of the September Revolution led by Mullah Mustafa Barzani against the Iraqi government, aiming to break free from the oppression of the Iraqi regime and achieve the right to self-determination and democracy for the Kurdish people. Furthermore, this revolution laid the foundation for numerous subsequent political events and agreements.

   As for the city of Akre, although it was administratively affiliated with the Mosul Governorate during that stage and until 1991, this did not separate or isolate the city from the revolution. On the contrary, Akre was one of those cities that played a prominent role in this revolution, as its inhabitants across all social strata participated in the aforementioned uprising, providing it with full support and assistance.

   Regarding the cultural situation of the city of Akre during this period, despite the challenging political climate, the city's intellectuals fiercely defended Kurdish culture. Amidst the armed struggle, they actively sought to support the revolution. Poets, singers, and musicians dedicated their creative works to serving the cause. Generally, the cultural movement during this stage was vibrant in certain domains, particularly poetry and music. Through these artistic activities, they endeavored to influence the nationalist sentiment of the inhabitants of Akre in particular, and Kurdistan in general, urging them to support the revolution and resist the Iraqi government.