History and Fundamental Elements of Turkmen Culture in Erbil, Iraq

Abstract

Abstract:

Erbil is one of the oldest cities in Iraq, with a history stretching back to the pre-Islamic and especially Sumerian periods. The Turkmen people originate from the Bayat tribe, a branch of the Bozlak clan of the Oghuz Turks, and their first migration to Iraq dates back to 674 AD. They played important roles during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods. During the Seljuk period, they carried out large migrations to Iraq and established various principalities.

The Turkmen of Erbil, Iraq, maintain a rich cultural heritage while preserving their Turkmen identity. Their traditions include wedding rituals, a rich culinary culture, and music. Their oral literature is enriched with folk tales, folk songs, and epics. In the modern era, they transmit their cultural heritage to younger generations through digital platforms.

The Turkmen culture in Erbil, Iraq, is kept alive through traditional events and festivals, and social solidarity and neighborly relations are of great importance. These elements strengthen the presence and identity of the Turkmen of Erbil, Iraq, in the region. The Turkmen of Erbil, Iraq, maintain their cultural identity not only through festivals but also through oral literary traditions, wedding rituals, hospitality, and traditional music and community gatherings; thus, intergenerational transmission is strengthened and social unity is reinforced. This demonstrates the richness of the Iraqi Turkmen within their community.