Media Convergence Applications via Smartphones among Journalists: A Field Study in Erbil Governorate

Abstract

This study aims to monitor and analyze the reality of media convergence via smartphones among journalists in Erbil Governorate. Utilizing an empirical-descriptive approach, the study relies on the survey methodology, employing a structured questionnaire as the primary tool for data collection. The study population comprises all journalists working in media institutions within Erbil Governorate, from which a convenience (non-probability) sample of (85) media professionals—representing various job titles and media organizations—was selected as appropriate for the nature of the study.

Grounded in the theoretical framework of Media Convergence in its technological and professional dimensions, the empirical findings revealed near-total reliance by media professionals in Erbil on smartphones as an essential professional tool, at a rate of (91.8%). Furthermore, there is a clear dominance of the youth category (aged 18–39) in employing these technologies, reaching (88.2%).

The study also concluded that there is a significant gap between practical application and instructional knowledge: (71.8%) of the surveyed journalists had not reviewed specialized professional or academic guides on mobile journalism, indicating that their acquired skills are largely built on trial-and-error and self-guided field experience. Statistically, the study demonstrated no significant differences between genders regarding the usage level of these applications, thereby reflecting the role of technology in bridging professional field disparities.