The cultural impact of the scholars of the villages of Sogd and Shas in Transoxiana in the Abbasid era (132 - 626 AH / 750 - 1229 AD)

Abstract

Transoxiana witnessed cultural prosperity due to the creativity of its scholars, who inhabited cities and villages alike, despite the political instability of that country as a result of the weakness of the central Abbasid rule in Baghdad, and the resulting emergence of separatist mini-states east of the Abbasid Caliphate that shared the rule of the regions of Transoxiana. A long time, but that did not prevent the emergence of a large elite of his scholarly sons in the villages of the cities of Bukhara, Samarkand, Nasf, and Bihand, where they played a prominent role in the development of the Arab-Islamic civilization due to their brilliance in several arts of the sciences of the intellectual and scientific movement, and their cultural impact continues. Those seeking knowledge and knowledge derive from it, and therefore Transoxiana was a home for wisdom and sages, because the scholars of its villages were able to participate with the cities in pushing forward the process of scientific life in various fields of civilization. When the Arab Muslims settled in Transoxiana and its people embraced Islam, the Arabic language gradually began to infiltrate them, as it was the language of science, literature and religion. The scientific renaissance that distinguished Transoxiana was primarily based on the Arabic language. The Arab-Islamic civilization reached the peak of its greatness and expansion shortly after the Islamic conquest of this region. It was able to blend with the civilizations and heritage of the conquered cities, and produced a sophisticated civilizational development, so the cities became culturally and intellectually active, and each city became competitive with its counterparts in the scientific and cultural fields. The most important and famous Muslim scholars in Islamic history emerged, as they were scholars of Islamic jurisprudence, hadith, and philosophy. Literature, history, jurisprudence, hadith, and interpretation are considered transmitted sciences. Rational sciences, on the other hand, are those that are primarily based on reason and rational and logical analysis, such as theology and philosophy.