The Digital Divide and Its Impact on the Legitimacy of Cybersecurity Administrative Control Egypt and Iraq as a Model

Abstract

This study addresses a nuanced and profound problem in contemporary administrative law: the impact of the digital divide on the legitimacy of cybersecurity administrative control in Egypt and Iraq. Administrative control traditionally derives its legitimacy from its ability to achieve its objectives of preserving public order and protecting rights. However, the digital divide threatens this legitimacy from two directions: it constrains the administration's capacity to fulfill its regulatory function in cyberspace, and simultaneously leads to disparities in cybersecurity protection levels across societal groups and state regions, thereby undermining the principles of equality before public services and the continuity of those services. The study concludes that addressing the digital divide is not an optional developmental requirement but a necessary condition for achieving the legitimacy of cybersecurity administrative control, necessitating a comprehensive reform strategy at both the legislative and institutional levels. This research is divided into two complementary sections: the first addresses the nature of the digital divide and its impact on the legitimacy of cyber administrative regulation, while the second examines mechanisms to address this divide and enhance the legitimacy of administrative regulation at both the legislative and institutional levels.

The study concludes with a summary of the key findings and