The Level of Self-Learning Skills Among Kindergarten Department Students: A Comparative Study Between the Bologna Process and the Course System

Abstract

The objectives of this study are to identify the level of self-learning skills among Kindergarten department students, and to identify the level of these skills according to the educational system variable (Bologna Process: first and second stages vs. Course System: third and fourth stages). The descriptive method was used in the study. The research population consisted of evening-study students from the Kindergarten Department at the College of Basic Education, Salahaddin University-Erbil, for the academic year (2025-2026). The research sample comprised 72 students. To assess self-learning, the researchers relied on the scale developed by (Ibtisam, 2021), which consists of 37 items. After data collection and analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), the study yielded the following results:

1. Kindergarten department students have a high level of self-learning.

2. There is a statistically significant difference in the level of self-learning skills among kindergarten department students according to the educational system variable (Bologna Process: 1st and 2nd stages vs. Course System: 3rd and 4th stages), and the difference was in favor of the students whose educational system is the Bologna Process.

University is considered one of the most important stages in students' lives, as it provides them with many skills and academic and life experiences that contribute to shaping and refining their personalities, developing their skills and abilities and raising their level of awareness

In light of the above results, the researchers presented a set of recommendations and suggestions.