Damascus during the reign of Prince Jamal al-Din Aqoush al- Afram (698-709AH/1298-1309AD)

Abstract

     The governorship of Damascus became especially significant under Prince Jamal al-Din Aqoush al-Afram, whose balanced administrative and social policies, strong relations with the populace, and support for scholars fostered social stability and earned him widespread respect.

     Al-Afram’s governorship also advanced urban development in Damascus, with notable improvements to infrastructure—especially health institutions and mosques—demonstrating his commitment to improving the city and its residents’ quality of life.

     The study examines Al-Afram’s social policies and urban initiatives to show how his governorship strengthened Damascus’s political, social, and urban standing in the Mamluk state and left a lasting impact on its regional reputation.