A comparative study of the climatic susceptibility to wind erosion of agricultural soils in the alluvial plain of Basra Governorate

Abstract

The study area was determined in the alluvial plain in Basra Governorate, and the aim of the study was to identify the temporal variation in the climatic susceptibility to wind erosion of soil between the two periods (1961 - 1970) and the period (2011 - 2020), and to know the general trend of these changes and the influencing and related factors, and determine Spatial variation in the intensity of wind erosion on the soil of the study area. To reach the best results, mathematical and statistical equations were used, such as the climatic susceptibility equation for wind erosion of soil. The rate of change equation, the modified Penman equation, the actual value of rain equation, and the wind erosion factor (EF) index equation. Through the results, it was reached that the values ​​of the climatic susceptibility to wind erosion of soil increased during the second climate cycle and for all months compared to the first climate cycle, as the annual average reached It has (10.66), so this rate rises to (15.47) for the second climatic cycle. In general, the general trend of the monthly, seasonal and annual rates takes a positive and increasing trend, reaching the annual rate of increase (4.81), which had a greater negative role on agricultural production in the region، Which had a greater negative role on agricultural production in the region. The results of the study also revealed that there was a locational variation in the soils severely affected by wind erosion in the region, between the low type of erosion to the very severe type. The study also included the agricultural problems resulting from it and the proposed solutions to reduce these problems. Due to the possibility of better growth and production of agricultural crops in the region.