The caliphate of Imam Ali (Peace be upon him.) and His wars in the book of al-Arbali (Died 692 AH) Kafsh al-Ghamma (36 AH - 40 AH(

Abstract

Every living nation has its own identity, and is viewed as an ancient nation based on its historical heritage. On this basis, the historical and cultural legacies of the Islamic world are what created the identity of the Islamic nation, gave strength and vitality to the body of the Islamic community, and caused stability, unity and progress. It is confirmed that these historical works were not a natural factor that came out of nowhere, but rather historians and scholars who lived in the Islamic community excelled in recording them. Among these valuable legacies is the book (Kashf al-Ghummah fi Ma’rifat al-A’immah) by Sheikh Ali bin Issa bin Abi al-Fath al-Arbili, who was born in the city of Arbil in northern Iraq and was raised in a scholarly family with a well-known political status, as his father was one of the leaders of the city of Arbil. However, after the fall of the city of Arbil at the hands of the Mongols, Sheikh al-Arbili moved to the city of Baghdad to grow up as a poet and writer, and he even took over the Diwan al-Insha in the government of Ala al-Din al-Juwayni. His brilliance and art in writing led to the description of (Kashf al-Ghummah fi Ma’rifat al-A’immah) as one of the most important and prominent works of the seventh century AH, according to the testimony of Sunni and Shiite scholars contemporary with Sheikh al-Arbili, as it was translated many times. This book dealt with the life of the Prophet Muhammad. (PBUH) and his daughter Lady Fatima al-Zahra and his wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid and the twelve Imams (PBUH) which had great acceptance among the public and the rest of the other sects, and this is in addition to his reliance on Sunni sources because it was an approach he adopted in many of the contents of the book and also because it was characterized by brevity, and it is worth noting that this research was specialized in the caliphate of Imam Ali (PBUH) as the narrations specific to the caliphate of the Commander of the Faithful Ali bin Abi Talib (PBUH) were mentioned which Sheikh al-Arbili mentioned in his book (Kashf al-Ghummah) and by analytical comparison with the books classified by historians of the seventh century AH who were contemporaries of Sheikh al-Arbili and the most prominent of them are Allama al-Hilli and Ibn Abi al-Hadid al-Mu’tazili and Subt Ibn al-Jawzi and Muhammad bin Talha al-Shafi’i, which dealt with the caliphate of Imam Ali (PBUH), and the wars of Imam Ali (PBUH) were also mentioned during his caliphate from the year (36 AH - 40 AH), which are (the war of the Camel, the two halves and the Nahrawan), as the topics of these wars were studied and analyzed in terms of the year of their occurrence and the number Participants in the fighting, the number of dead and their results, all of them separately, and also by an analytical comparison of the topics of these wars with the historians who were contemporaries of Sheikh Al-Arbili in the seventh century AH mentioned above.