Name: Doaa Sadiq Abd Khazal

Abstract

Industrial and commercial education is one of the branches of vocational education, which is of great importance in the country because it is linked to the economic and social development of the country, as it has an effective impact on the progress of the country and the advancement and education of societies. Industrial and commercial education has suffered in the past years from weakness, backwardness and deterioration, but intellectual awareness began to pay attention to the industrial and commercial sector in the twentieth century, which began with signs of interest in industrial and commercial education through the government and the Ministry of Education’s interest in vocational education (industrial and commercial) and spreading awareness to students in order to present them to vocational schools through facilities provided by the government to attract students. From here, the signs of industrial and commercial development began, which were reflected in the country’s economy and society. Industrial and commercial education was delayed until 1972 and 1976. This delay was due to several reasons, including parents' reluctance to send their children to vocational schools, particularly industrial education; the lack of jobs available at that time for students graduating from these schools; parents' preoccupation with earning a living and abandoning education; and the military service imposed on their children, which prevented them from attending school. However, as social and political conditions evolved, the state and the Ministry of Education shifted their focus to education, given its importance as a vital artery for educating society and increasing the country's economic wealth, given that industry and trade are among the most important elements of economic support and development.