The collapse of the revolution and the forced migration of Rwandans to Iran in 1974-1975, for example

Abstract

This research seeks to examine and trace the political conditions in the Rawanduz region following the announcement of the March 11 Agreement, drawing on its significant geographical and strategic position, which granted it a pivotal role in the context of the September Revolution. This research further analyzes the consequences and repercussions of the collapse of this agreement, particularly its impact on the inhabitants of Rawanduz.

The first section focuses on conceptualizing migration in terms of its definition, patterns, and forms, alongside an analytical exploration of its causes throughout human history, supported by illustrative historical examples. The study also addresses the March 11 Agreement in light of the stance of the Iraqi government, while shedding light on the conditions of displacement experienced by the people of Rawanduz during their migration to Iran in the period (1974–1975). It highlights the harsh conditions and humanitarian suffering endured by refugees in the camps, as well as examining the issue of their return to Iraq in general and to Rawanduz in particular. This study consists of a gateway and two main themes; The political situation in Rwandz in 1970-1974 is highlighted. The first topic deals with the reasons for migration throughout human history, with reference to the March 11 agreement and the final position of the Iraqi government on the agreement. It details their situation when they migrated to the Iranian borders, their situation and livelihood during the displacement, then the situation of their return to Iraq and then to Ruandz, and their distribution according to the decisions at that stage.