Reflections on the Principles of Eco-Criticism in the Novel (2139) by Dildar Dil Rey.

Abstract

This study, entitled ‘Manifestations of the Principles of Ecocriticism in the Novel 2139 by the novelist Daldar Dalerré,' aims to examine the novel 2139 from the perspective of ecocriticism and to reveal the extent to which the principles of this approach are embodied in the novel’s intellectual and artistic content.

The main issue addressed by this study is the scarcity of applied Kurdish studies dealing with ecocriticism, particularly in the genre of the novel. To achieve the study’s objectives, the researcher adopted a descriptive–analytical approach, analyzing the novel on the basis of the theoretical mechanisms and criteria underpinning the approach of ecocriticism.

The results of the study indicated that the novel 2139 does not treat the environment merely as a setting in which events unfold but rather presents it as an active and influential element in shaping meaning, guiding the narrative’s trajectory, and constructing relationships between humans and nature. Furthermore, the author deliberately highlights environmental risks and their implications for humanity's future and, through the novel’s message, seeks to foster environmental awareness among readers.

This study aims to be a step towards broadening the horizons of modern literary criticism in Kurdish literature and to serve as a useful academic reference for researchers and students of literary studies, particularly in literary criticism.

In addition to the introduction, conclusions and list of sources, this study consists of two main parts: in the first part (terms, definitions, importance, pioneers of environmental criticism, emergence and mechanisms of text analysis according to the principles of environmental criticism Different topics are discussed. In the second part, the principles of environmental critical method are reflected in Dildar Dalare's novel