The Laws Regulating the Work of the Judiciary in Iraq 1921-1958 AD (a historical study)

Abstract

The judicial system in Iraq has witnessed developments since the late nineteenth century, especially after the issuance of the Ottoman regulations, and the establishment of civil courts alongside the Sharia courts, in addition to the enactment of a number of laws to regulate judicial affairs in Iraq. After Britain's control and occupation of Iraq in 1914-1918, the occupation administration worked to abolish the systems and laws that were in effect during the Ottoman era, with some of them remaining, such as the Majalla al-Ahkam al-Adliyya, which continued to be applied in Iraqi courts until the fifties of the twentieth century, and the Bankruptcy and Maritime Trade Laws, which are still applied to this day. After the establishment of national rule in Iraq and the formation of Ministry of Justice, and issuance of Basic Law in 1925, which contained in its fifth article many laws and regulations that worked to organize the judicial institution in all its types, which continued until the fall of the royal rule in Iraq in 1958.