Effects that had a direct impact on the interpretation of the Qur’an until the fourth century. AH (abrogating and abrogated A model )

Abstract

Abrogating and abrogated are among the most important topics in the sciences of the Qur’an that the interpreter must be aware of, because knowing this is of great importance; because this science has a prominent effect in explaining the meaning of the words of Allah Almighty, as it is related to two texts of the Holy Qur’an, from which two rulings branch out that differ in negation and affirmation, so negation is for the abrogated, and affirmation is for the abrogator, and based on this, the abrogated is lifted, or its term has expired, and the abrogator is lifting, or confirming a new ruling for the same subject, according to the nature of the Qur’anic text in rulings, cases and incidents. Ibn al-Jawzi mentioned on the authority of the Commander of the Faithful, peace be upon him: “A storyteller [judge] passed by and said: Do you know the abrogating and abrogated? He said: No. He said: You are ruined and you have ruined” (Ibn al-Jawzi: Abrogation of the Qur’an / 29), which suggests the strictness of the Imam, peace be upon him - who is the guardian of the Sharia - in the necessity of knowing the abrogating and abrogated in the Holy Qur’an, for whoever wants to act according to the Qur’an and clarify the divine discourse in it. Differences in the sources of abrogation and abrogated, as disagreement has occurred in many of its sources, in terms of the relationship between the two verses in terms of the total or partial difference between them, and in terms of the date of revelation of the two verses in terms of advancement and delay. The term abrogation among Quranic scholars and commentators has gone through several stages of development, and these stages begin from the early ages of this science, where some of the companions used the word abrogation to refer to the mere contradiction of one verse to another in the verbal appearance, even if this contradiction was in terms of generality and specificity from one aspect or towards specificity, or one of the verses was absolute and the other restricted. Perhaps the reason for this difference is a result of this expansion in understanding the origin of the idea, as it could be a result of the initial understanding at first glance of some Quranic verses. Hence, the difference occurred among scholars in identifying the abrogated verses and the abrogating verses (Abu al-Qasim al-Khoei: Al-Bayan fi Tafsir al-Quran/ 277). After scholars have come a long way in this field, they came up with what they adopted as a terminology. For the above, those who said that it was abrogated from the past in places that are not from it according to what the later scholars have agreed upon may be excused, since most of them do not necessarily intend to remove a ruling like the established ruling of the previous verse with the later verse.