"The Repercussions of Climate Change and Their Impact on the Rules of International Responsibility: An Applied Study in Iraq"

Abstract

This research focuses on the repercussions of climate change and its impact on international liability rules, highlighting the Iraqi experience as a practical example. The research addresses the environmental, economic, and social damage resulting from climate change, as well as Iraq's commitment to international standards for environmental protection and reducing harmful emissions. Climate change is one of the most prominent environmental challenges that directly impacts climatic, social, and economic conditions in Iraq. Climate change is defined as the continuous change in climate patterns over long periods of time, primarily due to human activities that lead to increased greenhouse gases. Scientific interest in this phenomenon began in the nineteenth century, and international liability represents one of the most important legal mechanisms ensuring environmental protection from pollution and deterioration resulting from climate change. The burden of this responsibility falls on the state or entity that caused the environmental damage, as international rules oblige it to redress and compensate for the damage, whenever a direct causal relationship between the harmful act and the resulting damage is proven. After delving into the study of “The Consequences of Climate Change and Their Impact on the Rules of International Responsibility: An Applied Study in Iraq,” it becomes clear that climate change is no longer just an environmental issue, but has become a challenge that affects the sovereignty of states and their political, economic, and social stability. The study also reviews the legal challenges facing the application of the principles of international responsibility in this area, and concludes by presenting a set of findings and recommendations that take into account the specificity of the Iraqi situation.