Economic and cultural data of the Banu Al-Hakam bin Saad clan in the pre-Islamic era

Abstract

Abstract

The Banu Al-Hakam bin Saad clan is an Arab tribe from the Madhaj tribes, and it is one of the most ancient and oldest Qahtanian Arab tribes in the Arabian Peninsula, from which large tribes branched out, namely the Zayd, Jald, and Saad clans, rooted deep in history. The Banu Al-Hakam were distinguished by their abundance of children, so much so that their grandfather was named Saad of the clan due to their large numberAl-Hakam has three sons, namely Jashm, Salham, and Aslam, and many descendants grew from them, including Abdul-Jad bin Rabi’ah Al-Hakmi, Thuban bin Bajdad, Al-Jarrah bin Abdullah Al-Hakmi and others, who had a great impact on the economic and cultural aspects of this tribe. As for the places of residence of Al-Hakam’s sons, they settled in Yemen. In the southern part of the Arabian Peninsula, in their own region known as Makhlaf Hakam, overlooking the Red Sea, it contains cities such as Al-Khusuf, Al-Sa’id, and Al-Saqifatayn, Thus, it occupies an important geographical location overlooking the navigation route and the work of their children in trade and commercial mediation, as well as in agriculture and cultivation of the land. Due to the location of their cities on the banks of valleys and rivers, they cultivated many types of agricultural crops such as wheat, barley, corn, and others , In addition to that, they practiced many industries and crafts, some of which were related to agriculture and the provision of pastures, such as the spinning and weaving industry. They were famous for making hail, which was known as the Yemeni hail, as well as the manufacture of swords and daggers and the manufacture of tools used in agriculture, such as the wooden plow, the axe, and the sickle. As for the cultural aspect, they had An interest in poetry, and the poet Mirdas bin Subaih al-Hakami emerged among them, in addition to their interest in oratory and the embassy Especially among them was Juada bin Aflah, who was distinguished by his clear mind and the ability to speak and speak .