Psychological pressures on Anfal singles

Authors

  • Bakhtiar Mahmoud Karim Garmian University / C. Language and Humanities / Department of Psychology
  • Hussein Ismail Ali Garmian University / C. Language and Humanities / Department of Psychology

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.66026/wd48qw55

Keywords:

Psychological Oppression , Unity , Anfal , Individuals , System

Abstract

Purpose of Research  Measurement of stress levels by Anfal singles by age and gender variables ,  To investigate the extent of coping strategies among Anfal singles.The researcher used a relevant descriptive method. The research community consists of 129 Anfal singles, 91 males and 30 females. They are the only survivors of the Anfal campaign in 1988 by the Iraqi army and the Ba'ath Party. Single people are currently living in Kurdistan cities, including isolated areas, the study found , Anfal singles have very high levels of stress and there are differences according to age and gender variables. In general, females have higher levels of stress than males. The age group (50-60) has higher levels of stress than the age group (39-49).,  Because the Anfal singles were under a lot of stress and experienced many mental events and traumas, they used a lot of coping strategies to adapt and reduce the stress. Traumatic events are a major cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). These events, as dangerous situations that fall outside the realm of normal human experience, produce intense reactions in nearly everyone and those experiencing them require significant effort and long periods of adjustment A person with PTSD has usually been exposed to extreme stress

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Published

2026-05-18