Monthly Variations in Temperature and Precipitation and Their Impact on the Distribution of Natural Vegetation (Oak, Oak Gall, Crataegus) in Mawat District

Abstract

Temperature and the amount of precipitation are considered two principal factors influencing the growth and density of natural trees, as the monthly variations in these factors directly affect the distribution of plant species (Oak, Oak Gall, Crataegus) within the Mawat District. Climatic data obtained from the meteorological station (Chwarta) were analyzed using the SPSS program to identify the effect of both variables on vegetation cover. Three samples were selected for each tree species at intervals of 500 meters in order to determine the number of individuals at each site. The research problem centers on the following questions: Do climatic changes lead to changes in the distribution of natural plant species? And are temperature and precipitation the main factors governing the distribution of vegetation cover in the Mawat District? The study aims to examine the monthly variations in temperature and precipitation and to analyze their impact on the distribution of trees (Oak, Oak Gall, Crataegus). The researc is based on the hypothesis that temperature and precipitation have a direct effect on the distribution of these species within the study area. The significance of the study lies in revealing the impact of monthly climatic changes on natural vegetation cover through the application of the regional approach to define the study area and the analytical approach to assess the effects of climatic variables, with the use of Pearson’s correlation coefficient to measure the relationship between temperature, precipitation, and tree density.