Types of terrorist crimes in cyberspace and the development of legislation to combat them in Iraqi and Iranian laws

Abstract

Terrorist crimes in cyberspace are among the most prominent challenges facing countries in the digital age, as the internet has become a fertile environment for the spread of extremist ideology and terrorist organizations. This research aims to study the types of terrorist crimes in cyberspace, focusing on the development of legislation related to combating them in both Iraq and Iran. The research presents the most important laws and measures taken by both countries to combat these cybercrimes, which include incitement to violence, recruitment of fighters, and the dissemination of misinformation. The study also highlights the results of these legislations and discusses the challenges that remain in the field of combating digital terrorism. In conclusion, it is proposed to enhance international cooperation, develop cybersecurity legislation, and improve community awareness to combat this phenomenon.