Natural Characteristics of the Kasab Basin

Abstract

The study indicated the impact of the natural characteristics of the Qasab Basin on the possibility of flooding in the basin and the possibility of harvesting water in it, as the study area is located in the northwestern part of Iraq and its area is (1312.63 km2). The study basin, represented by the Al-Qasab Basin, is one of the large, dry water basins of the northern Al-Jazira region of Iraq. Its mouths are located on the Tigris River, and hydrologically, large quantities of water flow into the basin in some years following water precipitation. The study dealt with all the natural factors affecting the subject of the study, including climate, soil, geology, and topography. The area in addition to the vegetation cover. In this context, the researcher proceeded to follow the (inductive and analytical) approach in order to provide the required data on the studied phenomenon to achieve the goal of the study, in addition to using the (quantitative) approach while employing modern techniques represented by geographical information systems within an integrated framework, in order to study and analyze the natural factors of the basin Rock sequences, terrain units, climate, slope, biological determinants (soil and vegetation) in the formation of water valleys in the drainage basin and its development, located in the northwestern part of Iraq, where it is bordered to the northwest by the Sheikh Ibrahim Anticline, to the northeast by the Nuwaiket Anticline, and to the west it is bordered by the Nuwaiket Anticline. Javan, to the east, is bordered by the Sinanik fold, where the conditions for the formation of water basins in the areas where they are located are linked to a group of natural factors, including (geology - climate topography - soil - vegetation cover), so that these factors together contributed over time to the result of the current characteristics of the water basins, so it became necessary Explaining these factors and their effects in shaping the environment of water basins and their impact on the hydrological characteristics in the study area.