Philosophy of Law and Politics at Thomas Hobbs

Abstract

Hobbes lived in a period characterized by turbulence. His society was based on power, chaos and imposition of wills. There was no law in it, no place for peaceful Muslims, because the law of power is the whip that strikes the depths of society and its souls. Hobbes began to construct the fundamentals of his theory in the social contract. Hobbes was one of the characters who sought political stability by any means and price. He was not a king or a republic, but he was a freedom seeker based on a law enacted by a governing authority and a tyranny of a person better than tyranny of society Entire. Hobbes distinguished between right and law, and he believed that they should be distinguished by considering right to be freedom, that is, giving freedom to a person in the actions he performs or through refraining from performing those actions. As for the law, he saw that it works through its association with one of those actions. Either he performs an action or refrains from doing it through the law determining those actions. As for natural law, Thomas Hobbes believes that it is a law created by reason. It establishes civil freedom for every individual after it has transformed from natural freedom, meaning that the individual is obligated to abide by and submit to the legal rule. It is no longer the right of the individual to do whatever he sees fit according to his inclinations and desires in order to preserve and survive for all individuals and to live regardless of their capabilities and mental and physical qualifications. Thus, the natural right is a right that does not provide the possibility of living together, and it is not possible to work and live according to the satisfaction of their multiple desires. In order to implement the positive right, it is necessary It is dispensing with individual inclinations and desires in order for there to be no selfishness among individuals and for them to be social actions because the individual is the foundation and nucleus of the state, and this in turn reflects negatively on the political and social situation of the state because the individual is an element within a society called the state.