Opinions in the ratio of articles and difference to apical tracheal

Abstract

The finding of the book (Articles and Differences) by Saad Al-Ash'ari Al-Qummi (died between 299-301 A.H.) sparked a discussion that has not ended yet, about the book’s ratio to Qummi, due to the many similarities between the book and another famous book published and known before it by Hassan bin Musa al-Nawbakhti (died between 300-301 AH).

        In addition to the many similarities between the two books, what enriched the discussion, and produced many opinions about the proportion of the two books, is that both classifiers are contemporaries, and the date of their death is close, and the date of the beginning - or the completion of - the authorship of both books is not known.

       The whole opinions that dealt with the percentage of the book can be summarized by two comprehensive opinions, one of which is that the two books are separate, one of them is less than another or quoted from a common source, and the second opinion: The book is for one of them and erroneously attributed to the other. The arguments and opinions that the holders of opinions put forward to confirm the validity of their opinions are reasonable, logical and accurate, so that one is confused about which to take and which to leave.

       And discussing such a topic, which contributes to the revival of the Muslim heritage of wealth in the field of authorship in sects and articles, and puts before the reader aspects and possibilities for the proportion of an important book that enables the choice of the most appropriate opinion in order to ward off blame and to guard against falling into error and misinformation, and from what was the results of the search for it confirms Muslims (Shiites) preceded other nations in writing in this field and wanted them to do so.

    The research was keen to present all the different opinions about the percentage of the book in an objective and comprehensive manner, so it presented the opinion of the Imams and the opinion of a well-known Orientalist and another by a scholar from among the general population, Dr. Abdel Moneim Al-Hefni, and mentioned his preference for one of these views and the reasons for the preponderance.