Manifestations of Self and National Spirit in the Poetry of Muhammad Rida al-Shabibi (1889-1965)

Abstract

This research aims to explore the manifestations of the "self"and the national spirit in the poetry of Muhammad Rida Al-Shabibi, through the analysis of selected poetic passages that highlight how the poet expressed both his individual and collective identity, as well as his national stance across various contexts of modern Iraqi history. The study is structured into a theoretical prelude followed by two applied chapters, concluding with a summary of findings.

The prelude addresses three key components: the concept of the self (Al-Ana), the concept of national spirit in poetry, and a brief biography of the poet.

Chapter ne: Manifestations of the Self in Al-Shabibi’s Poetry

, through:

- His sharp criticism of Ottoman policies that marginalized Iraqis. 

- His exposure of political corruption following the establishment of the Iraqi state. 

- His call for social reform and educational guidance directed at youth. 

- His glorification of national sacrifices and invocation of historical heroism. 

- His emphasis on Arab unity and rejection of division and sectarianism.

The analysis reveals that the national spirit in Al-Shabibi’s poetry emerges as a voice of resistance, historical awareness, and moral urgency—making his poetry a patriotic document that speaks to the conscience of the nation during moments of transformation and betrayal.