A Geographical Evaluation of Solid Waste Management in Dukan City between 2024–2025

Abstract

Research Summary in English

The research titled "A Geographical Evaluation of Solid Waste Management in Dukan City (2024-2025)" addresses one of the most pressing environmental challenges currently facing Dukan City. The significance of this study stems from Dukan’s unique position as a major tourist and geographically strategic hub, which is experiencing rapid population growth and a significant influx of annual visitors. These factors have led to a substantial increase in the volume of solid waste, straining the city's limited and outdated management infrastructure. The core problem identified in the study is the absence of modern, scientific waste management mechanisms; the current reliance on rudimentary and haphazard disposal methods, particularly open burning, has resulted in severe environmental degradation, including the contamination of the Lesser Zab River, air and soil pollution, and the degradation of the city's aesthetic landscape. To achieve its objectives, the researcher employed a comprehensive methodology, including descriptive, analytical, and inferential methods, alongside spatial analysis utilizing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to accurately map and assess waste distribution patterns. The primary goal of this research is to propose an effective, scientific framework for waste management. It advocates for the implementation of the "Waste Hierarchy" model, which prioritizes waste reduction, reuse, and recycling over traditional disposal. Furthermore, the study aims to provide actionable recommendations, such as the establishment of a specialized recycling facility. This would not only mitigate environmental pollution and ensure sustainable development but also generate new employment opportunities within the waste management and recycling sector, effectively transforming a significant urban burden into a potential economic and environmental asset for the region.