Faiq al-Samarrai and his political role until 1979

Abstract

This study examines the political and intellectual contributions of Faiq al-Samarra'i, one of the most prominent Iraqi nationalist politicians from the first half of the twentieth century until the late 1970s. The research examines his childhood, cultural heritage, and turbulent political career, beginning with his appointment to important administrative positions, continuing with his active participation in the founding of the Independence Party, and ending with his pivotal role in important Arab nationalist issues.

The research documents al-Samarra'i's political work in parliament, the Oil and Portsmouth Treaties, and his stance on them, as well as his intellectual involvement in opposition political journalism, such as the founding of al-Jarida newspaper. It analyzes his interaction with the Free Officers Movement, his stance on the July 14, 1958 Revolution and the Shuwaif Revolution of 1959, and his resounding political resignation in protest against the policies of Abd al-Karim Qasim.

The research also covers al-Samarra'i's stance on the Arab League, his call for the establishment of a "League of Arab Peoples," his tireless leadership in support of the Palestinian cause, the Algerian and Maghreb Arab uprisings, and his opposition to the Baghdad Pact. It highlights his condemnation of the colonial collapse by describing his clear position on the Kuwaiti issue and his support for its unity with Iraq.

The author uses archival materials, official sources, memoirs of political figures, and specialized scholarly articles, lending the work historical credibility and a precise scholarly interpretation of the activities of one of the founders of the national and political consciousness of modern Iraq.