Analysis of the Spatial Distribution of Geomorphological Forms in Rawah District Using Modern Technologies

Abstract

     This research aims to analyze the spatial distribution of geomorphological features in the district of Rawa, located in the western part of Iraq, through the application of modern geospatial technologies such as Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing. The significance of this study stems from the fact that Rawa exhibits a clear geomorphological diversity, reflected in the variation of landform units such as floodplains, sedimentary plateaus, and rocky slopes. This diversity has a direct impact on human settlement patterns, land use, and development strategies.

The study relied on the analysis of satellite imagery, topographic and geological maps, in addition to the use of Digital Elevation Models (DEM) to extract key terrain characteristics such as slope, aspect, and relative elevation. Techniques of digital classification and spatial analysis models were also employed to identify and map the distribution of various geomorphological forms and to examine the spatial relationships among them. The results revealed distinctive spatial patterns of these features, influenced by natural factors such as geological structure and drainage systems, as well as human factors like agricultural and grazing activities.

The research concluded that the geomorphological features in Rawa are not randomly distributed, but are shaped by multiple interacting natural and human factors. The findings confirmed the effectiveness of modern technologies in facilitating spatial analysis processes and enhancing the understanding of interactions between the natural environment and human activities. The study recommends integrating the outcomes of geomorphological analysis into local sustainable development plans, particularly in areas such as natural resource management, identification of hazard-prone zones, and the formulation of land-use strategies that align with the region’s morphological characteristics.