Abu Hashim al-Jubba'i's special theological views and al-Sharif al-Murtada attitude on them/ a study and analysis

Abstract

There is no doubt that Abu Hashim al-Jubba'i is one of the most famous Islamic theologians. He was able to spread his theological ideas through his students, and even established a theological school that remained widespread in the Islamic world for centuries. His theological views, the most famous of which are (the theory of states) and (balance), received great attention from other theologians. Some of them supported these views, while others rejected them. Among those who took this position was Sheikh al-Mufid (d. 413 AH), who is considered the most famous of the Shiite sheikhs. Abu Hashim's unique theories, including the theory of states, balance, and frustration, were followed by many theologians from various Islamic sects. Perhaps one of the most important reasons for the loss of Abu Hashim's books in particular, and the Mu'tazilites in general, was the campaign of extermination launched by their opponents to eradicate their thought. Sheikh al-Mufid was able to construct an intellectual approach based on transmitted knowledge, grounded in reason. Sheikh al-Mufid was familiar with the views of the Mu'tazilites in general and Abu Hashim through several of his sheikhs, such as Abu Abdullah al-Basri, a direct student of Abu Hashim al-Jubba'i. Sheikh al-Mufid did not agree with the Mu'tazilites on most of their intellectual principles, although he agreed with them on some issues. He rejected the theory of states, considering it unreasonable in itself.