الصابئةُ في كتاباتِ الرحَّالةِ الأجانبِ

الملخص

Iraq has attracted many Western travelers for many centuries, from merchants, tourists, geographers, spies, painters, poets, writers and political envoys. The science of exploring unknown territories or that they heard about in old books, as well as for political purposes, and in order to reach what they want, their countries, universities and scientific centers gave them support and superb care. Their stated rituals in their gatherings The study of the history of the ancient social history of Iraq is part of the study of the history of ancient Iraq. Their presence in southern Iraq extends back thousands of years. They are the descendants of the intellectuals who stood out in various scientific and cultural fields, this study aims to shed light on the travelers’ references to the Mandaeans in their books, as this sect clearly aroused their interest due to their tolerance of various other sects, their isolation and religious fanaticism, as well as their rituals and customs, which the travelers considered strange. Even Lady Drower, due to her great interest in this sect, learned their Mandaic language after learning Arabic. Therefore, it was relied upon extensively in this research, which included the concept of the word Mandaeans, their areas of concentration, their general characteristics, their works, customs, and their own traditions